Taoyuan

Hsinming Theatre (新明戲院)

I was recently talking with an expat who had just arrived in Taiwan and she asked me whether or not Taoyuan was really the ''armpit" of Taiwan. I haven't heard people use that term for a while (except for Forumosa types) and the only other pejorative term I've heard coming from the Taipei 'elites' is that this area is somehow the "wilds" of Taiwan - whatever that's supposed to mean.

I've lived here for ten years and while there are certainly valid criticisms of this city (as there all with all cities), most of problems that people do have are being rectified due to the local government's development plan that has seen the city progress quite a bit. For me, I've been quite impressed over the past few years with the way the government has taken a dull and dreary looking city and made it into a green one.

 Zhongli (中壢) is and always has been an industrial city - the period that I've lived in the city has seen a lot of the factories and production move overseas which has resulted in an economic downturn but as things have started to improve I think it's important that we also remember the history of the city and its glory days. Zhongli wasn't always a place that could be considered an "armpit" and was once a vibrant city where business flourished and various forms of entertainment could be found throughout the city.

In my recent post about the Japanese-era Police dorms here in Zhongli, I mentioned that thanks to fellow blogger and photographer Alexander Synaptic I've been bitten by the Urban Exploration bug. Compared to Alexander I'm still quite new to all of this but I've been making attempts to explore places that I never would have dared to before and have started noticing things that I would have likely overlooked in the past.

Today's post is from an abandoned theatre here in Zhongli and is truthfully a bit of a sore spot for me - I've lived in this city for over a decade and I can't tell you how many times I've gone to eat beef noodles at either Yong-Chuan (永川牛肉麵) or Hsin-Ming (新明牛肉麵) which are both in the same building as well as its neighbour and of my favourite Hakka places Papa's Secret Lover (阿爸的情人) and failed to notice the words "戲院“ (theatre) on the side of the building.  

I'm suppose I'm sore because after all the years of living here, it took less than a three month stay for Alexander to notice it, get inside and write a blog about it! (check out his blog too). This little piece of local history has been sitting there abandoned for the entire time I've been here and even though I passed by it a thousand times I was completely oblivious. 

The Hsin-Ming Theatre (新明戲院) was one of about a dozen movie theatres in operation in Zhongli during the golden era of Taiwan's economic miracle and before the advent of large multiplex theatres. I've learned that if you travel around any city in Taiwan and are observant enough you are likely to notice an abandoned movie theatre or two. Zhongli is no different and in the downtown core there are several abandoned theatres hiding in plain sight.

Today the city has two large state of the art multiplex cinemas (Venice/SBC) but almost all but one of the single-screen theatres have disappeared. The last remaining single screen theatre in the city shows second-run movies and is most interesting due to the fact that they have continued the tradition of hand-painted movie posters. If you are interested in a retro theatre experience you can check out a couple of movies at the Chung-Yuan Theatre (中源戲院) for a fraction of the price you'd pay at a normal theatre. The theatre is near Chung-Yuan University (中原大學) and also happens to be in the middle of the popular Chung-Yuan University night market (中原夜市).

According to government records, Hsin-Ming Theatre was in operation between 1980 and 1997. The building was once an important place in Zhongli as it not only housed the popular theatre but also the famous Yong-Chuan and Hsin-Ming beef noodle restaurants which are pretty much two of the most well-known and busiest restaurants in Zhongli. There are also market stalls on the first floor which housed several businesses that would supply products to the nearby Hsin-Ming Traditional Market (新明菜市場) which is still a vibrant place of business and one of the cheapest places to get fresh fruit, vegetables and meat in town.

The theatre closed in 1997 but the reason it closed is also quite mysterious - I've done quite a bit of research to figure out what happened but there is almost zero information online to really explain what happened. I have heard from local people that there was a fire and some people had died while inside (which for Taiwanese people automatically means that it is haunted) while others have explained that the theatre was old and smelled like a traditional market, so it went out of business.

From my research I found that a "Hsin-Ming theatre" (新明大戲院) actually did burn down, but that was in Beijing, which is no where near Taoyuan or Taiwan. I won't post any information about a fire or that people died until I have real facts and numbers, so at this point, it will remain a mystery.

The fire theory doesn't seem that far-fetched due to the fact that the inside of the theatre has been pretty much stripped and nothing really remains except for some garbage from the traditional market vendors below. You won't find the screen, nor will you see projectors or the seats. The floors are covered with almost twenty years of dust yet it doesn't actually smell terribly inside the room due to the fact that there are open windows that allow for air circulation.

The third floor of the building is also a mystery to me (if any history buffs around here know what it was used for I'd really like to know!) as it is a very large open space that appears as if it once housed something of significance. It wasn't really a part of the theatre itself so its safe to say that something else was going on there. Today it is completely empty and all that remains is a a tree branch and a wicker chair as well as what looked like garbage from a squatter who has since moved on. I've asked people who have lived in the city all their life and they have no idea, so if I ever do figure it out, I'll be sure to update.

Truthfully, if I compare it to other abandoned theatres, there isn't really much to see in this one but it is just another little piece of local history and I'm glad I explored it and learned more about it. Whenever I visit Yong-Chuan for the best beef noodles in Taiwan, I'll be able to annoy friends with even more facts about the local history of this beautiful and under-appreciated city that certainly isn't as "wild" as it used to be.

I'm not going to announce to the interwebs you how to get into the theatre - the fun part of urban exploration is to figure this kind of stuff out on your own. If you are interested though, gaining access is quite easy and none of the neighbours really seem to mind if people are coming or going. Remember that if you do go in you should be quiet and respectful and not take anything except for photos! 


Japanese-Era Police Dorms (中壢警察局日式宿舍群)

When I left Canada over a decade ago I didn't really have any long-term plans apart from travelling a bit and seeing the world. I had just graduated from university and felt like the monotony of starting a career fresh out of school wasn't as appealing as experiencing new cultures, languages and people, yet I never would have expected that I'd be sitting in a coffeeshop in Taiwan over ten years later writing this blog.

I have called Zhongli (中壢) home since my arrival and when I think back to when I first arrived, I remember the excitement I felt about the new city I lived in. I was curious about my surroundings and I spent a lot of time at first exploring and familiarizing myself with not only the roads but the history, culture and cuisine of the area.  

The problem with that however is that after a few years I became too comfortable living here and basically stopped exploring as I had mistakenly assumed that I'd seen everything.

A few months ago, my friend and fellow blogger Alexander Synaptic moved into town for a short time and really opened up my eyes to the fact that I've been missing a lot of cool stuff that has sat there hidden from me in plain sight for all these years. Having him around and telling me stories about places that I feel I really should have known about forced me to reevaluate the way I look at the area I live in and Taiwan as a whole!

My post today is from a location of historical importance which sits (somewhat) hidden within the heart of downtown Zhongli and while many people may not even know it exists, big things are about to happen and these amazing pieces of local history which have been left to decay are about to receive a make-over giving them the honour and recognition that they deserve.  

I feel quite lucky however that before any of these changes took place that I took the initiative to figure out what these beautiful little buildings were that were hidden from the general public for the past few decades. 

Sakura House (櫻花樹屋)

You might think police dormitories don't really sound all that interesting or important historically, but I hope I can convince you otherwise. These dorms, which hide in plain site are over a century old and are a reminder the Japanese colonial period -  a very different era in Taiwanese history.

A lot can be said about the crimes committed by the Japanese Empire leading up to the Second World War. The bitter memory of that era is still felt today throughout Asia and a day doesn't go by that Japan isn't reminded of the horrific atrocities that were committed during that period. 

Taiwan's experience under Japanese colonial rule is considered to be a bit tamer than that of neighbouring countries as the regime sought to transform the island into a "model colony" and develop the islands infrastructure and economy as well as provide a modern education to the people living here.

As Taiwan was Japan's first colony, the Japanese Empire wanted to show the world that being under Japanese control wasn't such a terrible thing and that the people of Taiwan would only benefit from becoming a part of the empire. Unfortunately history has shown that things didn't exactly turn out that way for some of Japan's other colonies.

The colonial period (1895-1945) which lasted for a half century had its fair share of resistance from the local people and the colonial power was guilty of a great many atrocities, however the general feeling today is that people of this country share a strong bond with the Japanese and enjoy a friendship that despite a troubled history is based off of mutual understanding and respect for each other. 

When Japan surrendered to the allies at the end of the war, control of Taiwan was handed over to Chiang Kai Shek and his Republic of China. The Sino-Japanese War which ravaged China for so many years before caused a lot of resentment for the Japanese among the Chinese population and leaders of the government in China had a hard time understanding why the people of Taiwan looked upon their period of Japanese control with so little disdain. 

The government decided that it would force Chinese culture upon the people of Taiwan which meant that traces of Japanese culture would have to be destroyed. These policies became a problem however when the KMT and over two million refugees were forced to escape to Taiwan at the end of the Chinese Civil War and were faced with a major housing shortage. 

It thus became a question of whether the destruction of 'Japanese culture' was more important than providing places for people to stay. 

Japanese class anyone?

While there are remnants of the colonial period visible throughout Taiwan today, most structures that were dedicated to Japanese culture (temples, shrines, etc.) were torn down and are few and far between. When the housing situation eventually settled down and Taiwan was in the midst of its economic miracle, a lot of the homes that were occupied by the refugees were abandoned and thus left to decay on their own. 

The buildings I want to talk about today suffered much of the same fate - They are former police dormitories here in Zhongli. These dormitories are somewhat hidden from sight but are a wonderful look back to the Japanese colonial period. There are two sections of dormitories, one section is a group of three wooden Japanese-style houses while other (which is behind the current police station) seem more like a former residential area with a network of military village-style (眷村) houses which were built much later.

Both sections are not in very good shape at the moment, but there are plans for renovations and renewal of the buildings which the city government will eventually open as a park to the public as part of the city's beautification plans. The reason why I'm happy I could see the houses in their current state is that they won't be in their original form for very long so I'm happy to be able to share a little piece of the history of this town before they get updated.

Section 1: Japanese-Style Dorms (日式宿舍)

Guava House (芭樂樹屋)

The three Japanese style houses are in a relatively small area across the street from the police station. They are currently quite run down but the Taoyuan City government has plans to make a culture park out of them. It seems that construcution work will start in the near future as the park is a part of Zhongli City's beautification and urban renewal project which coincides with the construction of the MRT subway system that will connect Taoyuan with Taipei.

UPDATE

The dorms have since been completely restored and are now open to the public.

Link: Zhongli Police Dorms (壢景町)  

Historical information on the houses is a bit scarce, but from what I could find, it looks like they were constructed in 1901 which was shortly after the beginning of the Japanese colonial era.

These three houses were likely inhabited by higher ranking officers in the police force at the time and each of the houses was named after a tree which was planted beside it. The house closest to the road is referred to as the Cherry Blossom House (櫻花樹屋) while the others are named the Longan House (龍眼樹屋) and the Guava House (芭樂樹屋). 

The Cherry Blossom house has become a popular place for photographers in recent years when the cherry blossoms are in bloom because they can get a shot of a Japanese-style house with cherry blossoms in the foreground.

The other two houses however seem to have been forgotten by the general public and the yard in front of one of the houses has become a parking lot for the police who work at the nearby precinct. 

There are fences which block people from visiting the Cherry Blossom and Longyan House (which are locked up tight) but I was lucky to get inside one of the houses to see what the interior looked like. Even though it isn't currently in very good shape, I can imagine that it would have been a beautiful place to stay back in the day. 


Section 2: Residential Community

The residential community is situated behind the current police station and seems to be a bit newer than the houses in section one. There isn't much information available about these houses online but it seems that some of the buildings were once used as different office buildings for the police force. When the KMT took control of Taiwan more houses were built up around some of the Japanese-style homes which allowed for members of the police force to live close to where they worked. 

This area unfortunately seems like it won't be preserved as part of the beautification plans and there are notices on the doors of all the houses to vacate the area. Walking around the small community is interesting though because it seems a lot like a typical military community that you'd find in other places around Taiwan.

The interesting thing to note about these buildings is that they survived what has become known as the "Zhongli Incident" (中壢事件) which was one of the first large scale democracy protests during the martial law period.

During the Zhongli Incident, the government took a heavy-handed approach to the protestors which resulted in a push back and the burning down of the original Japanese-built Zhongli police precinct.

The incident which happened in 1977 would be one of the precursors to the Taiwan Independence Movement and one of the first steps towards the end of the martial law period and the normalization of Taiwan's multi-party democratic system. 

I can't tell you with any confidence how much longer any of these houses will be around in their current state. If you are an urban explorer or interested in Taiwanese history you may want to check them out as soon as possible. The Taoyuan City government seems to have made some excellent plans for the renovation of this area into a culture park and from what I saw while doing research on the houses, the eventual park that will be built should be a very popular place to visit. 

I'm happy though that I took the time to go and check them out because if I had of waited any longer I might have missed out on them completely - I do hope though that once the renovations are complete that I can visit again and compare the shots I have from this blog post to the updated versions! 


Pigs of God (神豬)

Pose with the Pig! 

Since I started this blog a little over two years ago, one of the most popular posts has been the one about the Pigs of God festival. There isn't a wealth of information available in English about this cultural tradition, so I've always figured that the post was interesting to those who might be curious about what exactly goes on with this event after seeing something about it in the news or on social media.

My post last year was meant to explain the ritual and give a bit of the cultural context to people overseas who don't really understand what's going on but feel triggered somehow and end up condemning the people of Taiwan when they see sensationalistic news and photos about this festival. 

With this post, I plan to expand upon the information I provided about the ritual last year as well as provide some updates and personal opinion. I've attended this festival pretty much every year for the last decade, so I hope that after reading this you'll understand a bit more about this cultural tradition through my experience. The purpose of this post is to attempt to offer a balanced look at this centuries-old cultural practice and not to sensationalize things the way the foreign media does.

Before I move on though, I should add the disclaimer that there will be a few photos of dead pigs in the later stages of this blog post. There is nothing particularly gruesome but I'm just warning you beforehand! 

The practice of putting giant carcasses of dead pigs known as the "Pigs of God" (神豬) on display as a form of animal sacrifice is a tradition that started with the Hakka people a few hundred years ago here in Taiwan. Chinese culture however is no stranger to animal sacrifice and the practice has been going on for thousands of years. This particular ritual is a relatively new one with only a two hundred year history but is one of those traditional cultural practices that has struggled to stay relevant in modern times due to to societal changes and attitudes towards animal welfare.

The event is often described as being mired in controversy but at the same time it also has the ability to arouse the curiosity of society at large who yearn for a bit of tradition in their hectic lives while others may look at it as a way to connect them to their heritage. This means that while there are quite a few people who oppose it, there are others who make sure to visit and do their best to experience the vibrance of Taiwanese culture.

The arguments for and against the festival go a little bit like this: Activists argue that this practice is not in line with modern Taiwanese society and that the tradition should cease to continue while supporters insist that it is a traditional aspect of Hakka culture and therefore it should be preserved. Taiwan is a highly developed country where modernity and tradition are often at odds with each other, so when it comes to events like this groups who support these cultural traditions are often just as vocal as the opposition when their traditions are being targeted. In most places around the world a disagreement of this nature would likely lead to violence, but not in Taiwan where people (for the most part) respect the rule of law. 

I have covered this festival as a photographer for several years and while I personally don't agree with the practice, I do my best to understand the cultural tradition that has inspired it and generally keep my opinion to myself. I believe that my job as a photographer is to use my camera to show people what is happening and thus letting them decide for themselves how they feel. As an expat living in Taiwan, I don't think it is really my place to tell people what they should and shouldn't do and even though I have issues with animal abuse and animal sacrifice, I have to say that attending the event is always an interesting experience and offers a great perspective into the local culture.

When I first came to Taiwan there were around five-ten giant pigs put on display per year. Friends tell me that when they were younger there were at least twenty or more. That number has slowly decreased with only three showing up last year and only one this year. I spoke to the director of the Taoyuan Yimin Temple (桃園縣平鎮市褒忠祠) and he explained that there are fewer pigs this year due to "environmental concerns" (環保的關係) and the fact that fewer people are willing to raise the pigs nor do they have the space to keep them.

Typically you can see the Pigs of God show up during the Hakka people's Yimin Festival (義民文化節) or (very ironically) during birthday celebrations for Master Qingshui (清水祖師), a Buddhist monk enshrined at the Qingshui Zushi Temple (清水祖師廟) in New Taipei City's Sanxia District.

The pigs are raised for at least two years and during that time they are force-fed in much the same way as a goose or duck in France is fed in order to make foie-gras which allows for the pig to grow to abnormal proportions. There are reports that a few days before the event takes place over-zealous farmers will force feed heavy metals to the pig to make its final weight much heavier in order to win. I'm not going to dispute that this kind of cruelty takes place but I also think that there is a lot of negativity and false information spread around to discredit the festival.

In the past the pigs would be taken out into the public square in front of the temples to be weighed and publicly slaughtered. This was a gruesome sight and one that I'm glad I've never had to experience. Foreign media outlets however report that this is still a common practice as the pigs are brought out on forklifts, weighted and they slaughtered in front of cheering crowds which I have to say is blatantly false and is only used as a means to slander the good people of Taiwan.

Hakka's from out of town paying respect to Yimin Yeh (義民爺)

While most religious groups that have practiced this type of animal sacrifice have put an end to the practice, Yimin Temple (義民廟) and Sanxia's Qingshui Zushi Temple (清水祖師廟) are the last to carry the torch. Both temples have had to tone things down though and the Qingshui temple has promised to end the practice by 2017 and find another way to carry on the tradition in an attempt to placate both the traditionalists and those who stand up for animal rights.

Last year, the winning pig weighed around 840kg (1680台斤) and this year the sole entry into the contest was around 675kg (1350台斤) showing a bit of a decrease from years past. For a bit of clarity - market sized hogs sell when they are at about 250 - 270 pounds (113-122kg) meaning that the Pig of God this year grew at least 5-6 times the normal size while winning pigs of the past have reached anywhere between 800-900 kilograms making them almost ten times the size of a normal healthy pig.

The pigs are raised in a way that they are constantly overfed which eventually forces them to become immobile. This lifestyle is extremely unhealthy for the animals as they develop painful bed sores and often suffer from organ failure and various other ailments. Despite knowing all of this, after the pig is slaughtered there are long lines of people lined up to get a piece of the freshly butchered hog that is freely distributed to the people in attendance.

The historical nature of the is event is a bit hard to understand and (even if you speak Mandarin) there aren't a lot of resources on the Internet to really explain why it all started but after several hours of research I was turning up blanks. So, I decided to just ride my scooter over to Hsinchu's Hsinpu village (新埔鎮) and visit the largest and most important Yimin Temple to get the answers I needed. 

The origin of the event shares a history with the formation of Yimin temple itself - The temple is a religious and cultural centre for the Hakka people but it's purpose is to memorialize the patriotic Hakka militiamen who worked together to protect their homes and later quell several rebellions (林爽文事件及戴潮春事件) against the Qing Emperor in the late 1700s. 

After each rebellion, the deceased members of the Hakka volunteer army were brought back and buried in the area where the temple now stands. For their heroism and loyalty to the Qing empire, the emperor sent plaques in their honour to thank them for their service and their sacrifice. The temple was ultimately built to remember these heroes but also to give the Hakka people a place to worship and celebrate their culture.

The deceased militiamen were honoured with a spirit plaque (神位) in the newly built temple which became known as "Yìmín Yé" (義民爺) and thus became the reason why the Hakka people celebrate the Yimin Cultural festival (義民節) every summer. In the early days of the festival there would be a huge feast to celebrate the deceased heroes and this feast always consisted of pork because it was one of the most important ingredients used in Hakka cuisine and also readily available to the people of that era.

This doesn't really explain why the Pigs of God became a competition though - This came years later when a young Hakka boy from Hsinpu who wanted to pass the Imperial Exam (科舉) visited the temple to pray to Yimin Ye to ask for a blessing in passing the test. When he eventually passed the test and returned to Taiwan he went back to the temple to thank Yimin Ye for help in passing the test. As a way of thanking the 'Yimin' his family prepared a huge feast at the temple for all the people to come and celebrate his achievement. During the feast it was decided that from then on it would become a tradition for a large pig to be raised in honour of Yimin Ye and to be presented during the Yimin Festival. The responsibility for raising the pig would ultimately rotate between the prominent Hakka families in order to ensure that each family did its part and that people wouldn't foolishly waste their money when they had such an important responsibility.

This rotation went on for quite some time but ultimately a healthy competition started between families as the pigs raised for the festival became larger and larger each year. A large pig became a symbol that a family was quite well off, so farmers started doing whatever they could to make the pig they had to raise grow as large as possible. When the problem of "face" comes into these kinds of things in Taiwan, a competition is bound to happen, and in this case, it was to be expected that even in off-years people would still raise a pig to submit to the competition while at the same time offering gratitude to Yimin Ye.

Basically things got out of hand because of a drunken conversation over a feast of amazing food.

In the history of the world this isn't the worst thing that could have happened because of a drunken conversation - but I think knowing the history gives me hope for the future - A future without the Pigs of God! 

If the whole point of this was to have a feast and get together with the community, there are ways to do that which don't require giant pigs. Instead of raising a giant pig, the money that is spent on feeding such a giant animal for two years would probably be better spent on preparing an actual meal of amazing Hakka food for people to enjoy! 

There are many ways to improve amazing festival while at the same time celebrating Hakka culture and history - I have seen with my own eyes that a lot of these changes are already taking place and that while the Pigs of God were an important aspect of the past, they are not an important part of the future.

If you have any questions, comments, corrections or criticisms, don't be shy, comment below and I'll get back to you as soon as I can! 


Gallery / Flickr (High Res Photos)